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American philosopher Lee Harris tells us with surpassing clarity what is going on when Christianity erupts somewhere in the world. It means that a people has declared itself ready for self-government, just like the burghers of Germany around 1500 who
Had learned to handle an enormous complexity of human interactions without the continual appeal to the decision-making authority of some outside agent… What happened was that one day, in their great pride as their achievement, they noticed what they had done, and they decided to turn their spontaneously evolved ethos into a consciously articulated and explicitly confessed principle. (Harris 2004 p187)
What they had discovered was conscience. This Protestant conscience was the faith of people who had learned to control their behavior into an ethos of professional respectability. It is the autonomous self-regulator in a man whose well-being depends upon his reputation as one who can be trusted. It is what makes sense of the priesthood of every man that would seem to be a recipe for anarchy. “If the ultimate law was God’s Book, and the ultimate authority on this law was you, who was in a position to contradict you?” Only your conscience.
The problem with a trustworthy, self-governing middle class is that it leaves no role for powerful political leaders. That is why it has been necessary for left-wing activists to drill with inexhaustible ferocity into the edifice of bourgeois trustworthiness. In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels punch all the buttons. Not only were the capitalists shamefully oppressing the proletarians but they were swapping wives and dishonoring their female servants. This accusation is a constant theme of the war on the middle class. Businessmen are exploiters, they are robber barons, they are monopolists, they are price fixers, they are unsafe at any speed, they are killing little birds, they are raping the earth, they are exporting jobs, they are exploiting Third World peasants.
Every coin has two sides. Capitalism is built upon the notion of buying low and selling high. That means giving jobs to young teenage girls just off the farm at very low wages (but indoor work that is much easier than planting rice in all weathers). But capitalism is also the world of the self-governing, conscientious, creative team. It worships the aggressive, creative, reliable individual who can leverage his skills across a team and deliver services to the world. Entwined with world capitalism is world Protestantism. Together they form the road to the middle class.
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©2005 Christopher Chantrill
Civil Societya complex welter of intermediate institutions, including businesses, voluntary associations, educational institutions, clubs, unions, media, charities, and churchesbuilds, in turn, on the family, the primary instrument by which people are socialized into their culture and given the skills that allow them to live in broader society and through which the values and knowledge of that society are transmitted across the generations.
Francis Fukuyama, Trust
[W]hen I asked a liberal longtime editor I know with a mainstream [publishing] house for a candid, shorthand version of the assumptions she and her colleagues make about conservatives, she didn't hesitate. Racist, sexist, homophobic, anti-choice fascists, she offered, smiling but meaning it.
Harry Stein, I Can't Believe I'm Sitting Next to a Republican
[T]he Liberal, and still more the subspecies Radical... more than any other in these latter days seems under the impression that so long as he has a good end in view he is warranted in exercising over men all the coercion he is able[.]
Herbert Spencer, The Man Versus the State
These emerge out of long-standing moral notions of freedom, benevolence, and the affirmation of ordinary life... I have been sketching a schematic map... [of] the moral sources [of these notions]... the original theistic grounding for these standards... a naturalism of disengaged reason, which in our day takes scientistic forms, and a third family of views which finds its sources in Romantic expressivism, or in one of the modernist successor visions.
Charles Taylor, Sources of the Self
Families helped each other putting up homes and barns. Together, they built churches, schools, and common civic buildings. They collaborated to build roads and bridges. They took pride in being free persons, independent, and self-reliant; but the texture of their lives was cooperative and fraternal.
Michael Novak, The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism
For [the left] there is only the state and the individual, nothing in between. No family to rely on, no friend to depend on, no community to call on. No neighbourhood to grow in, no faith to share in, no charities to work in. No-one but the Minister, nowhere but Whitehall, no such thing as society - just them, and their laws, and their rules, and their arrogance.
David Cameron, Conference Speech 2008
As far as the Catholic Church is concerned, the principal focus of her interventions in the public arena is the protection and promotion of the dignity of the person, and she is thereby consciously drawing particular attention to principles which are not negotiable...
[1.] protection of life in all its stages, from the first moment of conception until natural death; [2.] recognition and promotion of the natural structure of the family... [3.] the protection of the right of parents to educate their children.
Pope Benedict XVI, Speech to European Peoples Party, 2006
No lesson seems to be so deeply inculcated by the experience of life as that you should never trust experts. If you believe doctors, nothing is wholesome: if you believe the theologians, nothing is innocent: if you believe the soldiers, nothing is safe. They all require their strong wine diluted by a very large admixture of insipid common sense.
Lord Salisbury, Letter to Lord Lytton
What distinguishes true Conservatism from the rest, and from the Blair project, is the belief in more personal freedom and more market freedom, along with less state intervention... The true Third Way is the Holy Grail of Tory politics today - compassion and community without compulsion.
Minette Marrin, The Daily Telegraph
In England there were always two sharply opposed middle classes, the academic middle class and the commercial middle class. In the nineteenth century, the academic middle class won the battle for power and status... Then came the triumph of Margaret Thatcher... The academics lost their power and prestige and... have been gloomy ever since.
Freeman Dyson, The Scientist as Rebel
©2007 Christopher Chantrill